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| Salbutamol is one of the short-acting bronchodilators |
Short-acting
bronchodilators
These
medications are powerful enough to exert its effect within few minutes of its
use and therefore will be useful in the management of acute asthmatic attacks. In
general, the most preferred way of using short-acting bronchodilators is via
inhalers or through a nebulizer. However, it is also available in tablet form
as well. In any form, if someone is taking short-acting bronchodilators
frequently, that means that the person is not controlling his or her asthmatic
episodes and therefore needs medical review. In addition to its use as a reliever
of asthmatic attacks, short-acting bronchodilators can also be used to prevent
an impending asthmatic attach such as in the case of exercise induced asthma.
Therefore, if someone is prone to develop asthma following exercise, it is possible
for that person to take a short-acting bronchodilator before starting such
events.
Some
of the short-acting bronchodilators available for treatment include albuterol,
alupent, levalbuterol and Pirbuterol.
Long-acting
bronchodilators
As
against short-acting bronchodilators, the long-acting ones will take time to
exert its effects and therefore will not be useful in the management of acute
attacks. However, the long-acting bronchodilators are rather useful in the management
of asthma in the long-run. In general, the long-acting bronchodilators are used
in combination with corticosteroid medications and together, the combination
can control the precipitation of asthmatic attacks in most people.
Some examples for long-acting bronchodilators
include salmeterol, formoterol and combination medications such as Advair and
Symbicort.
Side effects of bronchodilators
As with most other drugs, bronchodilators
have their own set of side effects and among them, the shaky feeling and the nervousness
are common. Some patients will feel a palpitation while the heart rate could
also increase with the initial doses or in some cases, with higher doses. Upset
stomach, trouble sleeping, muscle aches and cramps are some of the other side
effects seen with bronchodilator medications.
Bronchodilators are usually classified into
three groups irrespective of its speed of action. These are the beta agonists,
anticholinergics and the thyophylline. In the following blogs, I will further
illustrate these groups of medications and their effects.
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